Lecture notes for CSC 173, 
  Thurs September 28, 2002

Project 2 due Monday
Homework 2 out.  Quiz 2 next Thursday, beginning of class


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Unix

the basics
    cd
        ., ..
    mkdir
    chmod
        777 convention -- see ls -l
    less
    file redirection
        >, <
        >>
        >&, >>&
        >!
    remote access, X server
    man  
      man -k

"." files
    ls -a
    .login
    .cshrc
    .emacs

stuff to put in your .cshrc
    set noclobber
    set filec
    set autoexpand
    set ignoreeof

    alias rm 'rm -i'
    alias mv 'mv -i'
    alias cp 'cp -i -p'
    
    alias ls 'ls -F'
    alias ll 'ls -l'
    alias cs 'cd \!* ; ls'
    alias up 'cd $cwd:h ; echo $cwd'
    alias ups 'cd $cwd:h ; ls'

job control and command-line editing
    &
    jobs
    history
    ^P, ^N
    ^B, ^F, ^A, ^E
    ^H, ^D

other useful commands
    grep
    rcs
        Read the man pages for ci, co, rcs, and rlog, in that order.
        Then see rcsdiff and rcsmerge if necessary.
    cvs  
        read _The CVS Book_ by Karl Fogel.  
	Open source book, online
    enscript
    psnup

emacs
    tutorial
    info mode
    multiple buffers
    emacsclient
    tags
        etags, ctags
            M-., M-*
    stuff to put in your .emacs file
        (server-start)
        (resize-minibuffer-mode t)
        (setq inhibit-startup-message t)
        (setq require-final-newline t)
        (setq completion-auto-help nil)
        (add-hook 'temp-buffer-show-hook 'resize-temp-buffer-window)

gdb (read the emacs info page!)
    list
    break, watch
    run, cont, next
    where
    print, display
    whatis
    ptype

makefile subtleties (read the emacs info page!)
    tabs
    implicit rules: .c.o, etc.
        $@  The target of the current rule
        $*  The root of the target of the current rule
            (e.g. 'foo' if the target is 'foo.o')
        $^  Names of all dependencies
        $?  Names of all dependencies that are newer than the target.
        (lots of others; see the info files)
    variables and environment variables
    conventions
        make clean
        make install
        make depend
            gcc -M

----------------

Makefile example

# excerpted from the makefile for the CSC 254 PL/0 compiler
# see /u/cs254/plzero/src/Makefile

.SUFFIXES: .o .cc

CC = g++
CFLAGS = -g -Wall
# compile for gdb (-g); warn about everything potentially dangerous

GOAL =		pl0
TOOLS =		/u/cs254/plzero/tools
ETAGS =		etags -C
CFILES =	scanner.cc inpbuf.cc parser.cc \
		attributes.cc semantics.cc symtab.cc codegen.cc \
		driver.cc mips.cc optimize.cc
OBJECTS =	scanner.o inpbuf.o parser.o ...
HFILES = 	scanner.h scantab.h inpbuf.h ...
OTHERSOURCES =  grammar
SOURCES =	$(HFILES) $(CFILES) $(OTHERSOURCES)

.cc.o:
	$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $*.cc

# End of header

$(GOAL): $(OBJECTS)
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $(GOAL) $(OBJECTS) -liberty
# libiberty contains the GNU extended getopt functions.

tokens.h: grammar
	$(TOOLS)/mungegrammar < grammar

scantab.cc: tables
	$(TOOLS)/makescan > scantab.cc

...

# the following entries can be used to get lists of files of various classes,
# for example, to do grep foo `make sources`

sources:
	@echo $(SOURCES)

writable:
	@ls -lg $(SOURCES) | egrep 'w-'

objects:
	@echo $(OBJECTS)

tags: $(CFILES) $(HFILES)
	$(ETAGS) $(CFILES) $(HFILES) tokens.h actions.cc actions.h

clean:
	-rm -f $(GOAL) $(OBJECTS)

depend:
	echo '# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE -- it is automatically generated' \
		> makefile.dep
	echo '' >> makefile.dep
	$(CC) -M $(CFILES) actions.cc >> makefile.dep

include makefile.dep